THE IMPACT OF MOTIVATION AND PERFORMANCE IN AN ORGANISATION

CHAPETR ONE

INTRODUCTION 

1.1        Background of the study

1.2        Statement of problem

1.3        Objective of the study

1.4        Research Hypotheses

1.5        Significance of the study

1.6        Scope and limitation of the study

1.7       Definition of terms

1.8       Organization of the study

CHAPETR TWO

2LITERATURE REVIEW

CHAPETR THREE

3.0        Research methodology

3.1    sources of data collection

3.3        Population of the study

3.4        Sampling and sampling distribution

3.5        Validation of research instrument

3.6        Method of data analysis

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

4.1 Introductions

4.2 Data analysis

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Summary

5.3 Conclusion

5.4 Recommendation

Appendix

Abstract

This research work on the impact of motivation and performance in an organization seeks to explain why workers strive to attain particular objectives or goals. Within the context of management the focus of interest lends to be on how to ensure that all workers perform at their optimum level. Many employees see money (or higher pay) as the only motivating factor. They therefore stress emphasis on economic incentives in order to improve overall productivity and efficiency. The argument therefore is that social factors like the need for esteem and affiliation are something which people seek after and value, in order to achieve recognition and responses from others, individuals will expend a great deal of effort The aspect of workers performance and motivating factors was considered in this study. The study dealt further on the problems and effect of motivation and performance. Discussion and findings on the impact of motivation and performance was looked into. It likewise encompasses the summary, conclusion as well as recommendations

 CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

• Background of the study

Since management’s ability to analyzing and improving the motivation of its workers is of more concern to effectiveness and efficiency of the organization, motivation on workers performance refers to the entire class of drives, desires, needs, wishes and similar forces which causes, channels and sustains someone’s behaviour. Within the context of management the focus of interest on motivation tends to be on how to ensure that all workers perform at their optimum level. Managers who find the key to their workers inner motivations can tap an immense source of productive energy. Maslow (1954) identified that man is motivated by five basic needs (physiological, safety, love and belongings, esteem and self actualization) and will work accordingly. He ranked them as hierarchy, recognizing that as man developed his needs changed as the individual moves up the hierarchy. The major implication for management is that the needs of workers should be identified and gratified, in order to motivate the employee to work efficiently and effectively. Eltom Mayo recognized that above a certain level, monetary rewards ceased to have an effect and the operatives started to look for the satisfaction of other needs. Unfortunately, Maslow’s ideas have no clear practical application, because it had not been proved that by providing motivators to stimulate an individual’s need will result in more satisfactory work from other workers. Herzberg (1959) suggested that there are elements in a person’s work and working environment which causes job dissatisfaction (hygiene factors) and different elements which create job satisfaction (motivational factors). The implications of these ideas are that managers must deal with two completely separate issues when trying to obtain good work performances from their subordinates. Firstly, they should prevent dissatisfaction by attention to hygiene factors and secondly, they should encourage greater achievement by paying attention to motivator factors. There are many other theories explaining what motivates people at work. According to Penny Hacket, motivation at work comes from two sources, namely, intrinsic and extrinsic satisfaction. As the name imply, intrinsic satisfaction is the derivation of satisfaction of the needs from the work itself, while extrinsic satisfaction is the deriving of satisfaction through rewards received for doing the work. The ways in which motivation and performance might be achieved are likely to vary, however, according to different circumstances and situations. An individual’s motivation to work will thus vary over time and will be influenced by different factors at different times.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Research has shown that management has due to its endemic antipathy towards new technology failed to motivate workers coupled with their performance throughout their employment. Rather they organize and manage other factors of production in order to achieve effective productivity at the expense of the workers. Therefore, this study is intended to evaluate and articulate the impact of motivation and performance in an organization set up using Total Nigeria Plc as a case study.

The statement of the problem are being hindered by certain factors, for the purpose of this study, such factors include:

(a)          To focus on what motivates workers and increase their productivity as it relates to wages and incentives.

(b)         To learn about how to motivate staff towards enhancing their job performance.

(c)          To take total responsibility for their own performance and to teach this modus operandi to others.

(d)         To understand and model self motivation as it affects workers in achieving organizational objectives.

(e)          To help workers to improve job satisfaction and adjust to innovations and changes on the job.

(f)           The need for motivation in order to arouse a person’s passion or commitment on the job.

• OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The purpose of the study includes:

1. To determine motivational factors and ways of motivating workers
2. To ascertain the degree of workers performance and their approaches to work which would enhance motivation

iii.          To discuss the various content and process of theories of motivation

1. To analyze the application of these theories by management in an organization.
2. To ascertain whether enhanced motivation to work is observed among white-collar workers when their ways of working change in response to such a change in wage system and other incentive.
3. To determine if job sharing and roles are responsible for job increased opportunities for developing abilities.

vii.        To evaluate and articulate the elect of motivation and performance in an organizational set up.

viii.       To ascertain whether there is a gap between wages system by company and what the worker perceives to be the change.

1. To identify problems and effects of motivation and performance.
2. To suggest measure and recommendations to the identified problems

• RESEARCH HYPOTHESES

For the successful completion of the study, the following research hypotheses were formulated by the researcher;

H₀:  Motivation does not influence the behaviour of workers in achieving organizational objectives

H₁: Motivation does influence the behaviour of workers in   achieving organizational objectives

H₀₂: Motivation to work does not increase workers’ productivity levels with regards to Increment in wages and incentives.

H₂: Motivation to work does increase workers’ productivity levels with regards to Increment in wages and incentives.

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Motivation is the general term applying to the entire class of drives, desires, needs, wishes and other innate forces that determine what people do. Workers however play a very vital role in the effective running and management of an organization as well as its development, likewise that of the economy. Thus a lot of benefits can be derived from this study. Among the beneficiaries are the Government, the economy in general, business organization, research scholars and other interest groups. In the light of the above beneficiaries, this study will bring to light the significant effect of motivation and performance in reaching personal and organizational goals and how management can develop or enhance their motivational skills towards workers’ performance.

To the Government: Since this study is on the impact of motivation and performance, the study will draw the attention of the government on the essence of motivating workers to achieve its goals and objectives and encourage them to contribute their utmost best in achieving government’s policies towards employment.

To the Business Organization: This research work is intended to provide a greater insight on motivation of workers’ performance. This research study will be of great benefits to managers, whom would be concerned about the firm’s efficiency, effectiveness and workers’ productivity.

To the Interest Group: The interest group includes shareholders and other investors. It will be of benefit to the interest group for it will enable them to know the adequacy of staff turnover, efficiency of the business and productivity enhancement, for if the business is not productive the interest group cannot be paid. They would also be aware of the profit earned, the existence of secured debts and the future dividends they will receive.

To the Academicians: This study will enable the academics to be conversant with the degree, approaches and application of motivation and performance in an organization. The academic would be able to ascertain how motivation impacts on the worker’s performance in an organizational setup and what is expected of them by way of contribution to enhancing the organizational goals and the objectives.

To the Researcher: At the end of the study, the researcher must have gained a lot on the impact of the motivation and performance and would be in a position to ascertain possible ways of encouraging workers to put their best towards the achievement of its set goals and objectives as well as improvement in productivity

• SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The scope of the study covers the impact of motivation and performance in an organization. The researcher encounters some constrain which limited the scope of the study;

1. a) AVAILABILITY OF RESEARCH MATERIAL: The research material available to the researcher is insufficient, thereby limiting the study
2. b) TIME: The time frame allocated to the study does not enhance wider coverage as the researcher has to combine other academic activities and examinations with the study.
3. c) Organizational privacy: Limited Access to the selected auditing firm makes it difficult to get all the necessary and required information concerning the activities

 1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Company: An association of persons, whether incorporated or not, for the purpose of carrying on some business.

Employee benefits: Advantages beside salary or wage that an employee may have through his employment, employee benefit is sometimes called fringe benefits.

Hierarchy: A specified rank or order of persons or things, thus a series of persons or things classified by rank or order.

Incentive Wage: method of wage payment by which workers receive extra pay production

1.8 ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY

This research work is organized in five chapters, for easy understanding, as follows

Chapter one is concern with the introduction, which consist of the (overview, of the study), historical background, statement of problem, objectives of the study, research hypotheses, significance of the study, scope and limitation of the study, definition of terms and historical background of the study. Chapter two highlights the theoretical framework on which the study is based, thus the review of related literature. Chapter three deals on the research design and methodology adopted in the study. Chapter four concentrate on the data collection and analysis and presentation of finding.  Chapter five gives summary, conclusion, and recommendations made of the study

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