QUALITY CONTROL AS DETERMINANT FACTORS FOR EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT PRODUCTION

Abstract

This study was on quality control as determinant factors for effective and efficient production. Three objectives were raised which included: To determine how business performance can be improved through quality control management, to determine nature of quality control and to determine the nature of effective and efficient product. A total of 77 responses were received and validated from the enrolled participants where all respondents were drawn from Dangote noodles. Hypothesis was tested using Chi-Square statistical tool (SPSS).

Chapter one

Introduction

1.1Background of the study

By controlling quality control, a firm can increase its overall effectiveness, efficiency, cohesion, flexibility, and competitiveness. Quality control, according to the British Standard Institution, entails “management philosophy and company practices that strive to harness an organization’s human and material resources in the most effective way to meet the organization’s objectives.”

When prices are under constant pressure, the competitive struggle shifts from one of price rivalry to one of quality competition, with quality being a competitive issue. Organizations concentrate their efforts and management strategies on meeting the consumers’ growing demands through ongoing product and process development. Thus, the quality notion is being enhanced as it takes on an integrated dimension across the board of the firm. Because the caliber of the materials given dictated the caliber of final goods, the process of procurement and management of material resources play a significant role in assuring quality.

The degree to which a good or service satisfies the requirements and needs of the consumer is referred to as quality. Nowadays, businesses prioritize meeting client needs. A common tactic used by businesses to increase customer satisfaction is to place a strong emphasis on providing high-quality goods and services to its clients. Lai,(2002).

Selecting a quality control-based management strategy might be considered one of the internal characteristics that sets one firm apart from another and results in superior performance

Quality control management and productivity have grown to be major concerns of business managers seeking to maintain or increase competitive advantages. In the current dynamic manufacturing environment, where quality is a tool to significantly improve productivity and customer satisfaction, based on an extensive study of prior research on quality control, quality has evolved over the last few decades to become a broad management tool.

The sub-process of issuing the technical specification’s function is to establish the standard of quality necessary for the supply of the necessary material resources. When procedures have specific features or have a significant impact on the final product’s quality attributes, the quality level can be determined by brand or standard selections or by releasing technical documentation. Improvement, customer and process focus, and use of a scientific approach to decision-making according to Baily (2004)

A quality management system prioritizes human elements, treating quality not simply from a technical standpoint but also as a comprehensive strategy that changes managers’ mentalities all the way down to the last employee.

To achieve high production output, quality control management involves the interaction of input, including people, processes, rules, and tools. It is a management concept that may be implemented using a wide range of methods and techniques.

Supplier quality management aims to raise the caliber of suppliers, products, and services. The firm-supplier cooperation, product quality as a consideration for supplier selection, and involvement in quality audit are examples of this. Zhang, (2009).

A culture of trust, involvement, quality-mindedness, desire for ongoing patronage, and consistent customer improvement are all cultivated through quality control. as well as Aspinwall (2000).

The impact of quality control on an organization’s profitability is also helped, and there is also consistency expansion on the industry standard for return on investment. Lakhal, (2006) (2006)

The main goal of quality control is to promote a culture where the true cost of manufacturing is always considered.

Saad and Peter (2006) draw the conclusion that by putting quality control management into reality, the enterprises gained a thorough awareness of the crucial elements influencing the performance of the quality supply chain in the Indian automotive sectors.

They also demonstrated how crucial quality control management in the supply chain is to enhancing crucial elements like quality, delivery, and lead-time.

Statement of the problem

The process of inspecting items to make sure they adhere to the necessary quality standards is known as quality control. These procedures inspect the finished goods for defects. Every product is measured or tested by quality inspectors, either directly from each batch or by random samples, depending on the production. Verifying that the company is meeting the criteria it sets for itself is the major goal of quality control. It is impossible to reach perfection in practically every corporate process. For instance, there will always be some variety in the kind of materials utilized, the techniques used during manufacture, the dependability of the final product, etc. Inspection in quality control aims to stop faulty products from being sold to customers. Instead of each person being in charge of their own job, this strategy calls for the use of highly qualified inspectors. Additionally, it is believed that inspectors may be better equipped to identify systemic issues throughout an organization. The fact that people aren’t always encouraged to be accountable for the caliber of their own work is a serious issue. Rejected production is costly for a company because it has incurred all production costs but cannot be sold because the manufacturer does not want its name to be connected to inferior goods. Some products that are rejected can be reworked, but in many industries, they must be discarded, which results in higher expenses.

A quality control approach can be highly effective at preventing defective products from reaching the customer. However, if defect levels are very high, the company’s profitability will suffer unless steps are taken to tackle the root causes of the failures.

The product confronting this research is to appraise quality control as determinant factor for effective and efficient production.

 Objective of the study

1. To determine how business performance can be improved through quality control management.
2. To determine nature of quality control
3. To determine the nature of effective and efficient product

Research Hypotheses

H1: business performance cannot be improved through quality control management

H2: there is no nature of effective and efficient product

Significance of the Study

This study will take an in-depth look at the part being played by quality control in achieving the goal of the organization. The findings of this study will help companies management to realize that quality control should never be taken lightly or delegated to those not capable enough to it effective. It also helps to create a culture of trust, participation, zeal of continuous, patronization and consistence improvement to customers 

Scope of the study

The study covers quality control as determinant factors for effective and efficient production. Study will be limited to Dangote noodles in Lagos state

Limitations to the Study

The limitations encountered by the project researchers are emphasized below:

• Finance: funds had been the major problem encountered by the project researcher, because, raising funds is a pre-requisite task.
• Time: the inevitable progression into the future with the passing of present event into the past is known as Time. Therefore, time had been one of the major limitation encountered by the investigators of the study.
• Gathering Information: before researcher can conduct a research, information must be gathered accurately

1.9   Operational Definition of Terms

* Quality control: include general methods such as accuracy checks on data acquisition and calculations and the use of approved standardized procedures for emission calculations, measurement, estimating uncertainties, achieving information and reporting higher tier, quality controls activities include technical reviews of source categories, activities and emission factors data and methods. It is also a system of routine technical activities, to measure and control the quality of the inventory as it is being developed. The quality control system is design to provide routine and consistent checks to ensure data integrity correctness and completeness, identify and address errors and omissions, document and archive inventory materials and record all quality control activities.

* Efficiency: is determined by the amount of time and energy , that is, resource that are necessary to obtain certain result in other to meet our daily production quota, we commit a specific machine that uses up energy, make operators and maintenance personnel available, and provide raw materials. For example, if we are able to meet our daily production with less energy and fewer operators, we have operated more efficiently.

* Effectiveness: is determined by comparing what a process or installation can reduce with what they actually produce; therefore, effectiveness does not tell anything about the efficiency, the amount of resources that have to be committed to obtain that output, if we are successful in manufacturing more good product in the same time period, effectiveness will increase, A valuable discussion could be whether good product should be seen at good product with customer demand to prevent our production.

* Productivity: describes various measures of the efficiency of production, A productivity measure is express as the ratio of output to input used in a production process, that is output per unit of output. Productivity is computed by dividing average output per period by the total costs incurred or resources (capital, energy, material, personnel) consumed in that period. Productivity is a critical determinant of cost efficiently, Is also a crucial factor in production performance of firms and nations.

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