THE CAUSES AND EFFECT OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING CENTRE IN SOME SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOL

TABLE OF CONTENT

Title page

Approval page

Dedication

Acknowledgment

Abstract

Table of content

CHAPETR ONE

1.0   INTRODUCTION 

1.1        Background of the study

1.2        Statement of problem

1.3        Objective of the study

1.4        Research Hypotheses

1.5        Significance of the study

1.6        Scope and limitation of the study

1.7       Definition of terms

1.8       Organization of the study

CHAPETR TWO

2.0   LITERATURE REVIEW

CHAPETR THREE

3.0        Research methodology

3.1    sources of data collection

3.3        Population of the study

3.4        Sampling and sampling distribution

3.5        Validation of research instrument

3.6        Method of data analysis

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

4.1 Introductions

4.2 Data analysis

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Summary

5.3 Conclusion

5.4 Recommendation

Appendix

Abstract

This study is aimed at identifying the possible effect for the establishment of guidance and counselling centre in secondary schools in Oredo Local Government Area of Edo-State. The instrument used for collection of data in this research is mainly the questionnaires. The questions were administered to one hundred respondents selected randomly in Oredo Local Government Area. To test the validity of the state hypothesis from their responses, it was discovered that many of the respondents are of the view that there should be counselling centres in secondary schools in Oredo Local Government Area. Some findings were also made in this research, which will be of great benefit to students, teachers, government parents and society in general. In conclusion, the presence of counselling centre in secondary schools will help to solve some of the problems facing the teacher, students, relationship, discipline, moral and the standard of education in Oredo Local Government Area of Edo State

 CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

• Background of the study

It is important to   discuss guidance and counseling and how in how it came into Nigeria. Before going into the study of the causes and effect for guidance and counselling centers in the academic performance of secondary schools in Oredo Local Government Area of Edo State. Guidance and counselling became a field of study in the 20th century; it was introduced by American who used descent stones and interest as his notion of pushing his knowledge across to the entire society. Guidance and counselling was established in Boston through the effort of Frank Parson. Educational guidance was first used by Truman Kellhn. We have to look at the distinction between the two terms “guidance and counselling. Guidance carries the undesirable implication of advice giving, or too much external direction and control of the student’s behaviour instead of intended meaning of giving the students the assistance they need to enhance the capacity for self direction. The term counselling is the face to face encounter between a counsellor and an individual.  Leong, E. Tyler viewed counselling as an assisting process, with the aim of not to change the person but to enable him utilize the resources, coping with life and more specifically, she suggested that counselling is one kind of psychological helping activity, the kind that concentrate on the growth of a clear sense of ego identifying and the willingness to make choice and commitment in accordance with it.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Today, young people are living in an age of an increasingly and mobile society, new technologies and expanding opportunities. In order to ensure that they are prepared to become the next generation leaders. Parents, workers, teachers and citizens, students need support from guidance and counselling. The causes are the challenges facing the adolescent. Adolescent face unique and diverse challenges both personal, educational morally, vocationally, socially and developmentally. These are the causes for creating guidance and counselling in secondary schools students also need counselling in order for them to identify their talents and actualize it. Furthermore, many students do not know the importance of education, and the world around them, and therefore do not take their educational pursuit serious and their environment serious. Head of school and parents always have the notion that the essence of education, is for the child to acquire knowledge only, but that is not only the aim, education therefore could be defeated if the students cannot point out of interest or ambition of his trade or vocation, the number of school dropout, the rate of juvenile delinquency, armed robbers as well as other social ills, such as lack of respect for constituted authorities. The major aim of this research is to find out the causes (reason for creating counselling centres in secondary schools) and the effect (changes that counselling centres will have in their student) of counselling in secondary schools, and if there are any available counselling services in selected secondary schools in Oredo Local Government Area of Edo State. Absence of guidance and counselling centres in secondary schools will cause corruption, school dropout, and frustration, problems of choosing career and diverse among the students.

The students need counselling in their life most especially at the age range of 15-25 adolescent it will help them to have self control, self direction, self understanding, and decision making and also help them to plan for their future life.

1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY  

The objectives of the study are;

1. To ascertain the causes of guidance and counseling in secondary schools in Oredo local government of Edo state
2. To ascertain and identify problems facing implementation of counselling centres in secondary schools in Oredo Local Government Area of Edo State.
3. To ascertain the benefit of setting up such counselling center in Oredo Local Government Area, and make appropriate recommendations to the authorities concerned
4. To ascertain  the problems or challenges facing the students in their life and also provide solutions to the problems

1.4 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES

For the successful completion of the study, the following research hypotheses were formulated by the researcher;

H₀: there are no problems facing implementation of counselling centres in secondary schools in Oredo Local Government Area of Edo State.

H₁: there are problems facing implementation of counselling centres in secondary schools in Oredo Local Government Area of Edo State.

H₀²: there are  no benefit of setting up counseling center in Oredo Local Government Area

H₂: there are benefit of setting up counseling center in Oredo Local Government Area

1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study is significant for the following reasons;

1. It will help to highlight the causes and the effect for guidance and counselling centers in secondary schools in Oredo Local Government Area.
2. It also provides opportunities for further research. This study is also important, as it will help to find out the problems of students, thereby helping them to overcome these problems so as to enhance effective teaching and learning. It will be of great importance to the students, teachers and the society at large.
3. It will help to obtain first hand information on how counselling center is to provided in secondary schools in Oredo Local Government Area of Edo State
4. To help students develop the skills of self study, self analysis and self understanding
5. To develop in students an awareness of opportunities in the persona, social education and vocational areas by providing them with appropriate, useful and usable information.
6. To help route the nations human resources into appropriate useful and beneficial channels thus preventing unnecessary economic bottlenecks.
7. To help build upon and sharpens the child’s perception of reality, development of a sense of autonomy and to whim up the motivation for creativity and productivity.
8. To assist students in the process of developing and acquiring skills in problem solve and decision making.
9. To help children relate behaviour meaningfully to cognitive achievement and the chances of success in life.
10. It will also help to create good moral in the students, to know the usefulness of education and make them very hard to achieve success. It will also help the students to utilize their potentials effectively in both academic and voca5tional area.
11. Finally, the researchers hope that the result or outcome of this study will help educational planners, parents, students, teachers, government etc. to see the effect for counselling centers in secondary schools in Oredo Local Government Area.

1.6 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The scope of the study covers the causes and effect of guidance and counseling centre in some selected secondary schools in Oredo local government of Edo state. The researcher encounters some constrain which limited the scope of the study;

1. a) AVAILABILITY OF RESEARCH MATERIAL: The research material available to the researcher is insufficient, thereby limiting the study
2. b) TIME: The time frame allocated to the study does not enhance wider coverage as the researcher has to combine other academic activities and examinations with the study.
3. c) Organizational privacy: Limited Access to the selected auditing firm makes it difficult to get all the necessary and required information concerning the activities.

1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Causes: A reason for having a particular feelings or behaviour in a particular way.

Effect: A change that somebody/something causes. A change, be it something or somebody to come into use.

Guidance: This is the help or advice given to a child or a young person by someone in authority, such as morals, spiritual, vocational guidance.

Counseling – Is a professional advice about a problem it may be psychiatric, financial, social and emotional counselling.

Centers – Can be seen as a place where certain activities or facilities are concentrated.

Secondary school: Is a formal school where educations are impacted to children at early stage between 12 and 18 years after primary school education.

 1.8 ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY

This research work is organized in five chapters, for easy understanding, as follows

Chapter one is concern with the introduction, which consist of the (overview, of the study), historical background, statement of problem, objectives of the study, research hypotheses, significance of the study, scope and limitation of the study, definition of terms and historical background of the study. Chapter two highlights the theoretical framework on which the study is based, thus the review of related literature. Chapter three deals on the research design and methodology adopted in the study. Chapter four concentrate on the data collection and analysis and presentation of finding.  Chapter five gives summary, conclusion, and recommendations made of the study

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