PARENTING STYLES ON CHILDREN’S SELF-CONCEPT AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

Abstract

Parenting is a joy to parents and every parent without a child looks forward to that. However, parenting is not just an event, it is a responsibility. The child’s core needs depends on the parents and the parents are under obligation to provide the necessities for that child. One of the core needs of children is their mental development. Mental development has to do with both formal and informal education. The much of one and the less of the other will make the child less efficient. Therefore there is a need to balance the forms of education received by a child. This study was undertaken to examine the relationship that exist between parenting styles and child’s concept and its effect on academic performance. The study had a population of 200 students and a sample size of 133. The study developed and tested hypotheses using chi-square statistical tool.

TABLE OF CONTENT

Title page

Approval page

Dedication

Acknowledgment

Abstract

Table of content

CHAPTER ONE

1.0   INTRODUCTION

1.1        Background of the study

1.2        Statement of problem

1.3        Objective of the study

1.4        Research Hypotheses

1.5        Significance of the study

1.6        Scope and limitation of the study

1.7       Definition of terms

1.8       Organization of the study

CHAPETR TWO

2.0   LITERATURE REVIEW

CHAPETR THREE

3.0        Research methodology

3.1        sources of data collection

3.3        Population of the study

3.4        Sampling and sampling distribution

3.5        Validation of research instrument

3.6        Method of data analysis

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

4.1    Introductions

4.2    Data analysis

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1    Introduction

5.2    Summary

5.3    Conclusion

5.4    Recommendation

Appendix

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1   Background of the Study

An effective education system helps boost the development of a country, so the importance of an education system cannot be denied. Countries should devise and implement policies so as to increase the education level of individualism a way that helps them play an effective role in the development of the country. Depending upon the educational policies, the academic achievement of students may be low or high as these policies may be favorable or unfavorable for effective learning. The main objective of this review was to integrate studies on the relationship of parenting styles and academic performance. The review process was comprehensive and systematic. Articles were first located. These articles were then reviewed by trained researchers. In the last step, these articles were coded. It has been well known that students with high academic achievement are important assets to any country, while low academic achievement may cause negative consequences such as stress, hopelessness, delinquency, psychopathology, and substance abuse (Fatemeh et al. 2006). Factors that influence the academic achievement of adolescents should be addressed to improve their academic achievement. Among the several factors that affect academic achievement, parenting style is one of the most important. Because of the relationship between parenting style and academic achievement scholars have highlighted the various aspects of parenting styles that help in boosting the academic outcomes of adolescents. They explored various aspects of parenting styles which help in the development of young children, especially the school related outcomes. Being role models, parents play a significant role in the child development. Family environment is also one of the factors in children’s cognitive, emotional, social and behavioral competence Nancy and Laurance (1993). The aim of this review is to analyze the different aspects of parenting styles which affect the academic achievement of adolescents. This study provides a comprehensive interpretation of different studies belonging to different continents. The study will contribute in literature by stating which of the parenting style is effective for better academic performance of adolescents across different cultures. Also, as there are many issues (like psychological, intellectual and academic as well) faced by adolescents, so there is a strong need to adopt a parenting style which supports them in overcoming those issues. This review will provide a path way for parents, policy makers and educationists to plan effective policies in overcoming these issues specially in enhancing the academic performance of young children in Nigeria. Also, there is lack of review studies on parenting styles and academic performance conducted in Nigeria. So, this review will provide a path future researchers in analyzing the relationship of parenting styles.

1.2   Statement of the Problem

Considering the fact that today’s economy is competitive, parents are becoming increasingly busy with their daily diverse occupations at the expense of being responsive caregivers to their children (Zervides & Knowles, 2007). As a result, children tend to fend for themselves. Some children go to school without scholastic materials (pens, pencils, books, etc.). They lack parental guidance and emotional touch with their parents. Studies reveal increasing truancy and lack of school attendance (Shobola, Omoregbe, & Olufemi, 2012), and low academic achievement in schools especially the government owned schools. This event has continued from one set of children to another and it’s high time we shift attention or the blame from teachers to parents, who are actually the prime caregivers of these children. It is based on this premise that this study is undertaken to unveil the relationship between parenting style on children self-concept and academic performance.

1.3   Objectives of the Study

The study has the following aims as its focus:

1. To determine the different styles of parenting.
2. To determine the effects of parenting styles on the self-concept of children.
3. To determine the effects of parenting styles on the academic performance of children.

1.4   Research questions

In line with the objectives of the study, the study seeks to answer the following questions:

1. What are the various kinds of parenting style used in the family?
2. What are the effects of parenting styles on a child’s self-concept?
3. What relationship exist between parenting styles and academic performance of a child?

1.5   Research hypotheses

The study developed and formulated the following hypotheses:

H0: There is no significant effect of parenting styles on a child’s self-concept.

H1: There is a significant effect of parenting styles on a child’s self-concept.

H₂0: There is no significant relationship between parenting styles and academic performance of a child.

H₂1: There is a significant relationship between parenting styles and academic performance of a child.

1.6   Significance of study

The study is an exposition to the various kinds of parenting styles employed by parenting in raising children. The study will give us an insight into the workable method that should be employed by parents in raising children.

To academics, the study is a contribution to academic literatures. Furthermore, it serves as a partial fulfillment for the requirement of a bachelor’s degree.

1.7   Scope and limitation of the study

The study will involve literatures and researches on parenting styles and its effects. The study will also correlate the relationship that exists between parenting styles and child’s academic performance. The study is limited by scope in terms of its focus. It is focused on parenting styles and child’s academic performance and not maybe the health or the religious beliefs.

1.8   Organization of the Study

The study is divided into five chapters. Chapter one deals with the study’s introduction and gives a background to the study. Chapter two reviews related and relevant literature. The chapter three gives the research methodology while the chapter four gives the study’s analysis and interpretation of data. The study concludes with chapter five which deals on the summary, conclusion and recommendation.

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