CONSEQUENCES OF LAND POLLUTION IN RESIDENTIAL AREA

Abstract

Domestic and industrial activities are responses to the need to better the lots of man but these are not without attendant consequences on the land and the environment at large. This study examined the consequences of land pollution in residential area with a case study of cooperative Villa Badore Ajah Lagos state. A total number of 300 questionnaires were administered on the residents who were selected using simple random sampling technique. Descriptive statistical techniques were used in analysing the data collected. The result showed that various forms of environmental pollution emanating from industrial, domestic and other environmental pollutant.

TABLE OF CONTENT

Title page

Approval page

Dedication

Acknowledgment

Abstract

Table of content

CHAPETR ONE

1.0   INTRODUCTION 

1.1        Background of the study

1.2        Statement of problem

1.3        Objective of the study

1.4        Research Hypotheses

1.5        Significance of the study

1.6        Scope and limitation of the study

1.7       Definition of terms

1.8       Organization of the study

CHAPETR TWO

2.0   LITERATURE REVIEW

CHAPETR THREE

3.0        Research methodology

3.1    sources of data collection

3.3        Population of the study

3.4        Sampling and sampling distribution

3.5        Validation of research instrument

3.6        Method of data analysis

CHAPTER FOUR

DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

4.1 Introductions

4.2 Data analysis

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Summary

5.3 Conclusion

5.4 Recommendation

Appendix

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

• Background of the study

The environment is the complex of physical, chemical, and biological factors or processes which sustained life. Man is part of these components, which make up the planetary ecosystem. Science and history both agreed that environment existed before the advent of man. Thus, the environment proceeded man and by deduction it preceded human, technological and scientific development activities. It may    be rightly said that this environment before the advent of man was ‘’unspoiled’’, the earth ‘s natural resources were not therefore given to man to ‘’destroy’’ , ‘’pollute’’ or degrade ‘’ (fubara, 2009). Human activities however have contravened this natural and divine plan for the environment. The major alarming activity is production, which encompasses diverse industrial activities from petroleum refining to chemical processing, textile, food, biosynthetic production of these activities are useful to man; they however emit byeproducts that constitute major pollution to the environment. Industrial activities release major pollutants into the environment thereby causing air, water and land pollution, as well as noise. Industrial pollution is thus a threat to both human, animal and plant life and it affects the aesthetic quality of the environment. Noise, which could stress, related illness and diseases such as cancer, kidney failure nervous disorders, leukemia, mental retardation, hearing failure or total deafness is a fallout of industrial pollution. The idea of development was considered by the government with the aim of putting a rise in the standard of living of every Nigerian by a growing output of goods and services. There was also a quest for civilization and modern life style without having a regard on the impact of these activities on the environment. Industrialization came into play and was seen initially as a sign of development but bore with it more complicated problems. Major activities during production process involve the use of chemical whose bye-products constitute industrial waste that are sometimes discharged carelessly into the environment through pipes, drains, air and land and find their way into water used for drinking , fishing and other purposes. Literature suggests that industrial pollution in cooperative villa badore, Ajah has not been empirically linked with the neighborhood. This study tries to examine the effect of industrial and domestic waste on residential neighborhoods with particular reference to cooperative villa badore, Ajah and it covers major aspects of human activity (domestic in particular) that can constitute pollution and environmental degradation and the effect of these on neighborhoods around those activities. Land pollution is defined as a degradation or even destruction of the earth’s surface and soil as a result of human activities. It can be direct, for example, from dumping toxic chemicals directly on to a site, or indirect, for example where toxic chemicals leach through the soil from particulates that have settled from air pollution from a nearby lead smelter. It can also simply be degradation from transforming the land by clearing it so that beneficial organisms can no longer provide services supporting growth and protect it from further erosion The expansion of housing developments, businesses, industry, infrastructure and agriculture all necessitated by an unprecedented population explosion over recent years accounts for humans modifying over 50 percent of the earth’s topsoil

Nigeria has a total land area of 983,213 square Kilometres of which 773,783sq. kilometres are in the savanna zones 75,707sq. kilometers are in the derived savanna zones and 133,717 square kilometers are in the forest zone. Nigerian population is more than 120 million yielding an average density of more than 120persons per square kilometer. Although this density may vary from one region to another, it is obvious that Nigeria is already experiencing high population density. The interaction of these millions of Nigerians with their respective environment has left indelible mark on the landscape. The manifestation of these impacts includes; urbanization, deforestation, desertification, overpopulation and all kinds of pollution. These impacts have both negative and positive effects on the natural environment. It is the negative impacts of man’s interaction with the environment that is emphasized in this study. The unwise use of the natural environment due to ignorance, poverty, overpopulation and greed amongst others has led to the degradation of the environment. The charges (degradation) occur as Nigerians attempt to adjust their seemingly endless wants and desires for food, shelter, recreation, infrastructural facilities, and so on to the land and other resources available to them (NEST, 2002). These land use activities contribute to the overall development of the country but they equally produce negative impact on the environment. These negative impacts are referred to as environmental degradation which implies “abuse of the environment” due to improper resources management. This study examines some of the resultant impacts of man’s interaction with his environment with a view to outlining their contribution to environmental problems. Suggestions are made for re-designing the objectives and strategies of the federal environmental protection Agency (FEPA).

• STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Land pollution, whether it is a barren space where nothing can grow but a few weeds or a site that harbors garbage and debris, like old tires, gas cans, plastic bags or residential area is an aesthetic drain.  Studies consistently show the health benefits of enjoying nature at its finest, with its lush growth, clean air and water renewing world-weary urbanites. The health-promoting practice of drinking in nature in Japan is a cornerstone of healing therapies in Japan and South Korea, where it is known as “forest bathing”. Conversely, while not documented, no one would dispute that the effect of seeing barren or polluted land is depressing. It is in view of the above that the researcher intend to examine the consequences of land pollution in residential area.

• OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The main objective of this study is to examine the consequences of land pollution in residential areas; but to aid the completion of the study, the researcher intend to achieve the following specific objectives;

1. To examine the health hazards of air pollution and other environmental degradations occur due to open dumping of refuse on the residential area
2. To examine the effect of industrial wastes transported by rain water into residential quarters on the health of the residence of cooperative villa badore estate, ajah Lagos state

• To examine the relationship between land pollution and the value of property in Cooperative Villa Badore estate Ajah

1. To examine the impact of erosion on the rental value of Villa Badore estate Ajah
   • RESEARCH QUESTION

To aid the completion of the study, the following research questions were formulated by the researcher;

1. Are they health hazards of air pollution and other environmental degradations occur due to open dumping of refuse on the residential area?
2. Are they the effect of industrial wastes transported by rain water into residential quarters on the health of the residence of cooperative villa badore estate, ajah Lagos state?

• Is there any relationship between land pollution and the value of property in Cooperative Villa Badore estate Ajah?

1. Does erosion has any impact on the rental value of Villa Badore estate Ajah?
   • SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The following are the significance of this study:

The outcome of this research will educate the general public on the issues and the adverse effect of environmental pollution in real estate development. The findings from this study is going to necessitate measures that will lead to demand for improved implementation of environmental pollution control laws in Nigeria. This research will also serve as a resource base to other scholars and researchers interested in carrying out further research in this field subsequently. If applied, it will go to an extent to provide new explanation to the topic.

• SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The scope of the study covers the consequences of land pollution in residential area; but in the cause of the study there are some factors that limited the scope of the study;

• Availability of research material: The research material available to the researcher is insufficient, thereby limiting the study.
• Time: The time frame allocated to the study does not enhance wider coverage as the researcher has to combine other academic activities and examinations with the study.
• Finance: The finance available for the research work does not allow for wider coverage as resources are very limited as the researcher has other academic bills to cover.
  • OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS

Pollution: Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into the natural environment that cause adverse change.

Pollution occurs in different forms, air, water, soil, radioactive, noise, heat, thermal and light.

Environment: The sum total of all surroundings of a living organism, including natural forces and other living things, which provide conditions for development and growth as well as of danger and damage.

Environmental pollution: Is defined as the release of toxic harmful substances into the environment by their natural force or man and his resources

Land pollution

Land pollution is defined as a degradation or even destruction of the earth’s surface and soil as a result of human activities.

• Organization of the study

This research work is organized in five chapters for easy understanding as follows Chapter one is concern with the introduction which consist of the (overview, of the study), statement of problem, objectives of the study, research question, significance or the study, research methodology, definition of terms and historical background of the study. Chapter two highlights the theoretical framework on which the study it’s based thus the review of related literature. Chapter three deals on the research design and methodology adopted in the study. Chapter four concentrate on the data collection and analysis and presentation of finding.  Chapter five gives summary, conclusion and recommendations made of the study.

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