DEVELOPMENT OF A NATIONAL SOCIAL SECURITY NUMBERING SYSTEM

Abstract

This research work deals with the Development of a National Social Security Numbering System (NSSN).  A typical Social Security Number (SSN) is a 9-digit number configured and assigned to citizens and legal migrants of a country for the purpose of uniquely identifying them to aid easy administration of a nation.  In principle, a National Social Security Number can be used to track citizens, permanent residents, temporary residents, legal emigrants for the purpose of work, taxation, government benefits and other government-related functions, such as health care, open a bank account, obtain a credit card, drive a car, facilitate payment procedures, etc. The motivation for carrying out this research is to checkmate an orchestration of illegal activities in the country such as insurrection, advance free fraud, white collar theft, irregularities in admissions and recruitment. A model was done for the generation of the National Social Security Number. The Object  Oriented  System  Analysis  and Design Methodology (OOSADM) was used for the analysis, design and development of the National Social Security Numbering system with the aid of these programming technologies: JavaScript, Cascading Style Sheet version 3, Hypertext Markup Language version 5, PHP Hypertext Pre-Processor version 5, Asynchronous JavaScript and Extensible Markup Language (AJAX), PHPMyAdmin and MYSQL database server version 5.5. Performance of the system was evaluated with a sample of one hundred National Social Security Numbers which were randomly generated and assigned to one hundred fictitious names that were assumed to have formally applied for NSSN by filling out a short electronic form with their Personal Identifiable Information (PII). Each NSSN was later entered into a search bar in a user graphical interface designed for law enforcement agents and the system was able to display a complete personal profile of the individual for whom the NSSN was generated following application. Subsequently, a search was conducted with a wrong NSSN and the system reported an invalid NSSN.

Chapter 1:

Introduction

1.0   Introduction

The rate of growth of crime, insurrection and other vices in Nigeria in recent times is alarming! An influx of illegal immigrants across Nigerian territorial borders from neighbouring countries like Togo, Cameroun, Chad, Niger Republic, etc. is a main cause of social unrest in the country, which includes but not limited to kidnapping, outright massacre, armed robbery, assassination, usurping. Unfortunately, our security operatives are seriously faced with the challenge of correctly identifying offenders promptly  owing  partly to  the  fact  that  the  country  is  yet  to  generate,  assign  and administer  Social Security Numbers to  well over  200  million of her  citizens,  and thousands of legal migrants [1].

Nigerian governments therefore need to assign a unique and National Social Security Number (NSSN) to each citizen of the country, and legal migrant by putting his or her Personally Identifiable Information (PII) on a central database as an efficient method of identification for several purposes such as: security intelligence services, orderly nation administration, to mention but a few.

The use of the Social Security Number (SSN) has expanded significantly since its inception in 1936. An SSN as it is called in the some countries is a 9-digit number consisting of a 4-digit serial number, a 2 digit year of birth indicator, and a   3-digit number indicating the geographic area of registration [1].

This study focuses on developing a database-driven Social Security Numbering scheme for the Federal Republic of Nigeria whose intent and purpose are to randomly generate and assign Social Security numbers to millions of existing and future generation of Nigerians for orderly administration and crime control using computers, tablets, etc.

The research focuses on developing a National Social Security Numbering System (NSSN) that can uniquely identify each bona-fide citizen of Nigeria and legal migrant and hold their Personal Identifiable Information (PII) in a centralized database server.

1.1   Statement of Problem

The current attempt by the federal government of Nigeria to identify Nigerian citizens with their Driver‟s Licenses, National Identification Cards, Independent Electoral Commission (INEC) Voters Registration Cards and ECOWAS International Passports is characterized by the following problems:

    There is no particular unified method of identifying millions of Nigerian citizens and migrants, and consequently, capturing their individual records or profiles in bits from the Driver‟s Licenses, National ID cards, International Passports, etc. is not comprehensive.

    Many Nigerians do not readily have all the above mentioned means of identification, and thus, it is not easy to identify each person in the country;

    None of these existing  means of identification holds complete information about a citizen such as bank records, academic qualifications, cultural background information (nativity, village or town name), etc.;

    There are some discrepancies in the Personal Identifiable Information (PII) entered on some of the above mentioned means of identification for some people owing to falsification or hoarding of information;

        There is no unified central database anywhere in the country for official reference.

1.2   Aim and Objectives

The objectives of this project are to:

    Develop a piece of software for National Social Security Numbering that can uniquely identify each bona-fide citizen of Nigeria and legal migrant and hold their Personal Identifiable Information (PII) in a centralized database server;

        Develop  a  security  measure  that  will  make  it  almost  impossible  to  falsify  one‟s

Personal Identifiable Information (PII);

        Provide a unified and centralized database management system for the National Social

Security Numbering project for the Federal Republic of Nigeria;

1.3     Significance of the Project

A unified and centralized database management system with the capacity of hosting nearly 1 billion randomly generated National Social Security Numbers will be quite instrumental to government officials not only for citizenship identification purposes, but for orderly national administration. With this software engineering effort, tracing the identity of any person on Nigerian soil can be done swiftly and simultaneously from any part of the world over the web using computers, mobile phones, tablets and any internet-enabled device.

1.4   Scope of the Study

The scope of this study covers the entire Nigerian population for which it is developed to generate national social security numbers (NSSNs) for its citizens and legal immigrants.

1.5   Limitation of the Study

Owing to the limited time frame allotted for the commencement and completion of my postgraduate studies in the university, there were certain features that were not incorporated in this national social security numbering system. Biometric verification correlations such as finger prints, facial image recognition, voice recognition and colour of retina could not be incorporated in this national social security numbering system.

1.6   Definition of Terms

NSSN:  National  Social  Security  Number  is  a  proposed  9-digit  number  that  will uniquely identify a citizen of Nigeria or legal immigrant in the country.

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML5): This is a text-based markup tool for describing the content of a web page. It is useful for formatting headings, footers, and write-ups on a web document. HTML5  stands for a latest  version 5 of Hypertext Markup Language.

JavaScript (JS): This is a default web-based scripting language used for adding behavior to a web document. JS has a large library from which this study chose JQuery for developing an a graphical user interface for the NSSN system;

Asynchronous JavaScript and Extensible Markup Language (AJAX):    A programming  language  built   from  a  combination  of  many  other  programming languages used for construction of search engines and its optimization;

Hypertext Pre-Processor (PHP5): This is a web-based server-side scripting language used establishing communication between an HTML document at the client side with a hosting  server at  the server  side; PHP5 stands for a latest  version 5 of Hypertext Preprocessor;

Frontend: This is another name for a Graphical User Interface (GUI) of software application.

MYSQL: MYSQL relational database server is a backend software that is responsible for storing data in database objects such as tables, records, queries, reports, etc. and therefore becomes a de facto repository for some Universe of Discourse (UoD);

PHPMyAdmin: This is a database management system used for administering MYSL

database server mainly through its frontend.

UoD: Universe of Discourse or Domain of Discourse is a database parlance for a repository of related data for an organization or  institution.

Cascading Style Sheet (CSS3): This is another text-based editing tool used for presenting or styling the layout of a web or HTML document. It is useful for formatting font type, font size, font colour, text position on a web page, text justification, etc. It can be defined as an internal or external file relative to an HTML document.

AAA: This stands for Authentication, Authorisation and Access.  It is an acronym for the three vital phases for authentication of login credentials such as username and password, authorisation of a user whose login parameters have been authenticated  and granting access to a user to the requested resource or page.

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