EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF RADIO ADVERTISEMENT ON COVID-19

Abstract

The study focused on the evaluation of the effectiveness of radio advertisement on covid-19 in Nigerian. An ongoing awareness campaigns on Corona Virus in Nigeria by radio station is commended. In order to carry out this study, three specified research objectives were drawn from which researchers used for the study, three research questions were also formulated by the researcher. The population of the study comprises of 300 selected medical and media personnel, the study adopt the research survey design. The instrument of data collection was the questionnaire. The method of data analysis was the graphical and percentage method.

CHAPTER ONE

                                       INTRODUCTION

• Background of the study

For donkeys of year, the radio stations in Nigeria has been performing critically well in the area of information dissemination, educating the populace and playing advocacy roles most especially in critical moments and events. The outbreak of the world pandemic of corona virus CONVID- 19 has un arguably taken the world unaware, unprepared thus, leaving the affecting country to suffer the devastating dead crises as well as economic breakdown etc. In Nigeria, the present of the deadly virus knows as corona virus, CONVID- 19, was confirmed officially on the 27th February 2020 after a virology laboratory was came out at the Lagos university teaching Hospital on the suspected Italian man who arrived Nigeria from Milan on February 24, 2020 on the Turkish Airline. Corona virus is a large group of viruses that resemble a crown. The word corona is Latin meaning crown https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/types.html. There are different types of corona viruses and people around the world commonly get infected with human corona viruses 229E, NL63, OC43, and HKU1. The Middle East Respiratory Syndrome or MERS-CoV; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome or SARS; and novel Corona virus or SARS-CoV-2 are all caused by corona viruses and result in severe respiratory illnesses. The 2019 novel corona virus (SARS-CoV-2, which causes the COVID-19), was first identified in Wuhan, China, among people having pneumonia. These ones were associated with seafood and live animal market https://openwho.org/courses/introduction-to-ncov. Currently at the time of writing this paper, there are a total of 107510 confirmed cases; 3658 mortalities; and 42932 active cases around the world worldometers.info/coronavirus/. In China as of February 14, 2020, there were 51986 confirmed cases in a single province (Hubei); out of which 1318 cases died Yong et. al (2020). Routes of transmission of the virus include respiratory dro plets and fecal-oral Yong et. al (2020). The virus invades the oral cavity, respiratory mucosa and conjunctiva, and has been found in stools of infected persons Yong et. al (2020). This means the virus can be transmitted through coughing, sneezing, contaminated hands, foods, and water. Methods of preventing the onset and spread of the virus include strengthening health publicity and education; maintaining environmental health; keeping good personal hygiene; drinking boiled water; avoiding raw food consumption; frequent hand washing; avoidance of touch (especially around the eyes, ears and mouth); disinfecting surfaces of objects in households, toilets, public places, vehicles; disinfecting the excreta and environment of patients in medical facilities to prevent water and food contamination. The first case of corona virus reported in Nigeria was confirmed on February 27th by an Italian man who arrived Nigeria from Milan, stayed in the country for almost two days before being isolated. Before now, he had travelled through Lagos and visiting other places in the country. The outbreak of the virus CONVID- 19, has worst hit Italy, among all other European country. The Italian man who was confirmed to have been infected with corona virus arrived Nigeria in February 24, 2020 on the Turkish Airline that had a connection with Istanbul. It was reported that he spend a night in hotel close to the airport and later visited the neighboring state of Ogun on February 25, 2020. That is, the company where he worked in Ogun state. No one suspected him until he began to develop a serious fever and body aches on the afternoon of February 26, 2020. The company Health workers then contacted bio-security authority who transferred him to a containment facility in Yaba, Lagos state The infection was confirmed on February 27, 2020 by the Virology Laboratory of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, part of the Laboratory Network of the Nigeria Center for Disease Control were contacted, the man was quarantine under closer monitoring and responded to treatment. There is empirical evidence that the health of a nation significantly enhances its economic development and vice versa. Outbreak of diseases have undermined development and impoverished many developing nations like Nigeria in one way or the other as resources meant for other sectors has been channeled to preventing and halting the disease as well as treating the victims. Nevertheless, it has been enunciated that the pursuit of better health should not await an improved economy; rather measures to improve health will themselves contribute to economic growth.

• STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Radio functions not just as a mass medium for disseminating general information and entertainment, but also in particular as a medium for disseminating public health information, as witnessed during the Ebola outbreak in 2014 and the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020.

COVID-19, a deadly illness caused by a corona virus was first reported in Nigeria on February 27, 2020. The index case was an Italian construction worker who had returned from Milan. Since February 2020, the number of infections escalated to over 52,000 with over 900 deaths in August. In response to rising infections and deaths, the Nigerian government issued directives for lockdowns and social distancing in the three worst-hit states of Lagos, Ogun, and Abuja, the country’s capital. State governors also issued total or partial lockdowns in their respective regions based on prevailing circumstances. However, lockdowns caused untold hardships for many Nigerians, due to the government’s chaotic and lousy social welfare structures. The Nigeria Center for Disease Control (NCDC) and The Federal Ministry of Health have been at the forefront of efforts to combat COVID-19 in Nigeria. Both organizations have been active in setting up isolation centers, hospitals, and spaces to manage suspected and confirmed cases. The NCDC has also been engaged in training personnel and setting up rapid-response teams across Nigeria’s 36 states. It is in view of this that the study is pertinent.

• OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The study has one major objective which is sub-divided into general and specific objective. The general objective is to focused on the evaluation of the effectiveness of radio advertisement on covid-19. The specific objectives are;

1. To examine the influence of radio advertisement on covid-19 awareness program in Nigeria
2. To ascertain if there is any significant relationship between radio advertisement and covid-19 awareness program

• To examine the effectiveness of radio advertisement on the war against covid-19 in Nigeria

1. To proffer suggested solution to the identified problem.
   • RESEARCH QUESTION

The following research questions were formulated by the researcher to aid the completion of the study;

1. Does radio advertisement on covid-19 influences the awareness program in Nigeria?
2. Is there any significant relationship between radio advertisement and covid-19 awareness program?

• Is radio advertisement an effective tool to disseminate information on the war against covid-19 in Nigeria?
  • RESEARCH HYPOTHESES

The following research hypotheses were formulated by the researcher to aid the completion of the study;

H₀: There is no significant relationship between radio advertisement and covid-19 awareness program

H₁: There is a significant relationship between radio advertisement and covid-19 awareness program

H₀: radio advertisement does not influences the war against covid-19 in Nigeria

H₂: radio advertisement does influences the war against covid-19 in Nigeria

• SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

It is believed that at the completion of the study, the findings will be of great importance to the management of Nigeria center for disease control (NCDC) as the findings will help them re-strategies on the best medium of disseminating covid-19 awareness program through advertisement. The findings will also be of importance to students who intend to embark on a study in a similar topic as the findings of this study will serve as a reference point to further studies. The study will also be of importance to the management of radio station as the radio jingles on covid-19 pandemic will also project their platform as a medium for education. Finally the study will be useful to student, teachers, academia’s and the general public as the study will contribute to the pool of existing literature and also contribute to knowledge on the subject matter.

• SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The scope of the study covers the evaluation of the effectiveness of radio advertisement on covid-19. But in the course of the study, there are some factors that limit the scope of the study;

AVAILABILITY OF RESEARCH MATERIAL: The research material available to the researcher is insufficient, thereby limiting the study

TIME: The time frame allocated to the study does not enhance wider coverage as the researcher has to combine other academic activities and examinations with the study.

FINANCE: The finance available for the research work does not allow for wider coverage as resources are very limited as the researcher has other academic bills to cover.

• OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS

Covid-19

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Most people who fall sick with COVID-19 will experience mild to moderate symptoms and recover without special treatment.

Radio

Radio is the technology of signaling and communicating using radio waves. Radio waves are electromagnetic waves of frequency between 30 hertz (Hz) and 300 gigahertz (GHz).

Advertisement

Advertisement is a notice or announcement in a public medium promoting a product, service, or event or publicizing a job vacancy.

Effectiveness

Effectiveness is the degree to which something is successful in producing a desired result; success.

1.9 ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY

This research work is organized in five chapters, for easy understanding, as follows

Chapter one is concern with the introduction, which consist of the (overview, of the study), statement of problem, objectives of the study, research question, significance or the study, research methodology, definition of terms and historical background of the study. Chapter two highlight the theoretical framework on which the study its based, thus the review of related literature. Chapter three deals on the research design and methodology adopted in the study. Chapter four concentrate on the data collection and analysis and presentation of finding.  Chapter five gives summary, conclusion, and recommendations made of the study.

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