Download Category: BIO-CHEMISTRY PROJECT TOPICS

ABSTRACT In this study,  the production  of tiger  nut suspension  was  carried  out using a  proteolytic enzyme  (papain)  isolated  from  the  latex  of  C.  papaya.  The  crude  papain  isolated  was subjected  to three steps purification  system  of 80% ammonium  sulphate  saturation using sephadex G50 and G200 filtrations at pH 7.2 and 37oC. The protein concentration  of  the crude enzyme obtained was 136 µg/ml, while its specific activity was 1.15U/mg. After ...

ABSTRACT This study was aimed  at the production  of glucoamylase  which can be utilised  for  starch hydrolysis. A fourteen days experimental study was carried out to determine the day of highest glucoamylase activity. Day five and day twelve of the fourteen days experimental study had the highest glucoamylase  activity.  The specific  activity for the crude enzyme  was found  to be 729.45  U/mg for glucoamylase  isolated  from Aspergillus  niger  in submerged ...

ABSTRACT Biosurfactants are amphipathic compounds produced extracellularly by microorganisms on cell surfaces, or excreted extracellularly.  They contain hydrophilic and hydrophobic  moieties that reduce  surface  and  interfacial   tension  between   molecules  at  the   surface  and  interface respectively.  The  present  study  was  focused  on  development  of  economical  methods  for biosurfactant production by the use of unconventional substrates. The research investigated the potential of utilizing agroindustrial (red cashew pomace) wastes to replace synthetic media ...

ABSTRACT Bacterial biodegradation of xenobiotics has been seen as one of the biological means of bioremediation of polluted site. This study was designed to isolate bacteria from soil and to evaluate their ability to biodegrade glyphosate which is a water soluble, non-selective herbicide used to kill weeds, especially annual broadleaf weeds and grasses known to compete with commercial crops grown around the globe. The bacteria that were able to grow ...

ABSTRACT The  toxic  constituents  of  seed  extracts  of  Azadirachta  indica  A.  Juss  were  isolated  and biochemically  characterised  to  elucidate  the  spectrum  of  toxicity.  The  constituents  were isolated using toxicity-guided technique.Acute toxicity test established an oral LD50 >5 g/kg in mice. Chronic oral administration of the extracts and fractions significantly (P<0.05) increased the activities of ALP, AST and ALT. The methanol extract (ME) did not cause any significant change in bilirubin ...

ABSTRACT The in vitro antioxidant activities, total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the methanol extract of Voacanga africana root bark and the n-hexane, ethylacetate and n-butanol subfractions of the methanol extract were carried out in this study. The total phenol content was determined by using Folin-Ciocalteau assay while the the totalflavonoid content was determined by using the aluminium chloride colorimetric assay  method. Total antioxidant activities of the  methanol extract and ...

ABSTRACT Characterization   and   comparative   assessment   of   Cocos   nucifera   and   Tetracarpidium conophorum seeds and the oils were evaluated in this work using standard techniques. The percentage proximate analysis of the samples revealed that the moisture, ash, fibre and protein contents of coconut sample were significantly lower (p<0.05) than that of walnut while the fat, carbohydrate and energy value of walnut sample were significantly lower (p<0.05) than that of coconut sample. The ...

ABSTRACT During the bioprocess of the biosurfactant production (by the consortium), the volume of CO2  evolved was 28.23 ± 5.08 cm3, which is equivalent to 0.056 ± 0.01g CO2  per 100 ml of broth. In terms of gCO2/1000Kg biosurfactant, this gave a value of 4545 ± 817.93g  CO2   in  this  bioprocess.  Following  from  above,  the  life  cycle  impact assessment (LCIA) of biosurfactant production by this consortium, based  on global warming ...

ABSTRACT On the premise that the resistance of malaria is related to the structure of the sickle haemoglobin molecule, a comparative denaturation of haemoglobin A (HbA), haemoglobin AS (HbAS) and haemoglobin S (HbS) in their relaxed states using sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) was carried out at pH 5.0 and 7.2 in the presence of two antimalarial drugs artemether and lumefantrine in both singly and in combination forms and monitored by ...

ABSTRACT The  increased interest in antioxidant activity of plant  phytochemicals has necessitated their determination in rarely consumed fruits. The aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant capacity as well as the vitamin and mineral content of the selected commonly consumed and underutilized fruits. Samples of six selected commonly consumed fruits; pineapple (Ananas comosus) and banana (Musa acuminata) and underutilized fruits; soursop (Annona muricata), African canarium (Canarium schweinfurthii), african ...

ABSTRACT This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of the chloroform and ethanol extracts of Desmodium ramossisimum leaves on castor oil-induced diarrhoea in male albino rats. The percentage yield of the leaf extracts were 45.77g (2.08 %) and 4.8g (0.22 %) respectively. Phytochemical analysis of the chloroform extract   revealed the presence of flavonoids (28.43±5.58%), alkaloids (19.58±0.69%), terpenoids (18.99±2.62%), resins (10.11±0.47%), oils (7.01±0.89%), steroids (4.52±0.11%), tannins (0.65±0.19%) and saponins (0.59±0.29%) ...

ABSTRACT The efficacy of Uvaria chamae plant species in herbal remedies may have come as a result of trial  and  error.  This  could  be  as  a  result  of  poor  information  on  the  phytochemistry, antioxidant and toxicity of this plant parts. The present study compares the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant potentials and toxicities of methanol extracts of Uvaria chamae leaves and roots. Results of in vitro antioxidant potentials revealed ...

ABSTRACT Peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7) extracted from Gongronema latifolium was purified, on a two-step purification process of ammonium sulphate precipitation followed by dialysis. The enzyme was purified  6.8 fold with a specific activity of 2.04 when o-dianisidine was used as substrate. When the enzyme was subjected to different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and o-dianisidine, the peak activity was 17.75µ/ml at  5mM for hydrogen peroxide and for o-dianisidine the peak activity was ...

ABSTRACT The study was conducted to evaluate the correlation of malaria parasite with ABO blood group and Rhesus factor in Nsukka and Enugu Metropolis. Three hundred blood samples were collected from Hansa Clinics, UNN Medical Center and UNTH, Enugu in which 169 were males and 131 were females between the ages of 1- 75 years. Full blood count was done using automated Homecue machine, Malaria parasite density was done using ...

ABSTRACT Methanol  seed  extract  of  Chrysophyllum  albidum  was  studied  to  ascertain  the  potential effects  of  the  extracts  on  some  biochemical   indices.  The  proximate   composition  of Chrysophyllum  albidum seed methanol extract was found to contain  crude protein (8.41± 0.02 mg/g), crude fat (19.12±0.01 mg/g), Ash content (1.42±0.01 mg/g) and moisture content (41.87± 0.03 mg/g). Results of the vitamin composition showed that it contains vitamin C (99.0± 0.03 µ/100g) vitamin A (70.0±0.01 ...

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to convert fresh cassava wastewater into bio-fertilizer in a liquid phase anaerobic bio-reactor. Fresh cassava wastewater was collected from a garri mill company at Ogurugu road, in Nsukka Local Government Area of Enugu State, Nigeria. The fresh cassava wastewater was sieved using a mesh (0.154 mm aperture) to remove large solid particles and debris and the filtrate stored at 4◦C. Filtered fresh cassava ...

ABSTRACT Musa paradisiacae  commonly known as plantain is a rhizomatous  perennial  crop used as a source of starchy staple for millions of people in Nigeria. Different parts ofthe plant have been used in the treatment of various ailments and there are claims that it has antidiarrhoeal activity. This study is therefore aimed at determining the effects of  unripe  Musa  paradisiacae  pulp  and  peel  homogenates  on  castor  oil-induced diarrhoea in Wistar ...

ABSTRACT The clinical resistance of Candida species to antifungal medications, particularly fluconazole, is rising. A major mechanism responsible for this resistance is the alteration in the nucleotide sequence of the gene that codes for the ERG11 protein, a key enzyme in the ergosterol synthesis pathway, which remains the target of fluconazole. This study investigated the distribution of different species of Candida in human and dog vaginal swabs, the susceptibility of ...

ABSTRACT Pregnancy induced hypertensive disorders have become very common medical complication in Nigeria  with  its  attendant  morbidity  and  mortality.  The  morbidity  and  mortality  may  be associated with its possible effect on the kidneys which was studied. Results of the electrolyte changes from this study showed that there was non-significant difference (p>0.05) in sodium ion concentration of subjects with pregnancy induced hypertension in second and third trimesters (groups 4 and 5 ...

ABSTRACT Millettia aboensis leaf is a rich source of reducing sugar, tannins, glycosides and flavonoids and has been reported to have medicinal property as well as some physiological potentials. The leaf also has been used by traditional herbalists for general healing of diseases  including ulcer and laxatives. This study evaluated the effect of aqueous extract of M.   aboensis leaves on lomotil- induced  constipation  in Wistar  albino rats. The qualitative  phytochemical ...