Download Category: PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCE PROJECT TOPICS

ABSTRACT   Staphylococcus aureus is a virulent pathogen that is currently not only the most common cause of infections in hospitalized patients worldwide but increasingly also as a community associated pathogen. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of methicillin resistant S. aureus among apparently healthy student population of the University of Jos, Jos Nigeria. Two hundred and seventeen (217) urine samples were screened for Staphylococcus aureus. Isolates were ...

ABSTRACT The increasing rate of drug resistance associated with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus is not only a problem in the clinical sector but also in livestock disease treatment and management. Methicillin resistant Staph. aureus is now a leading cause of staphylococcal infections in human and animals. In view of the present serious problem of resistance to antibiotics from Staph. aureus, the present study was undertaken to investigate the incidence of ...

ABSTRACT Ciprofloxacin is a flouroquinololone antibiotic that is commonly prescribed empirically in Nigeria due to its broad spectrum of activity. However, the drug product is illegally handled by drug hawkers that allow the drug to be exposed to some environmental forces which may affect the drug quality and its pharmacokinetic profiles. This study is aimed at assessing pharmacokinetic profiles of exposed samples of ciprofloxacin marketed by hawkers in the three ...

ABSTRACT   The efficacy and toxicity of several drugs is circadian-rhythm dependent, and this can be exploited as a guide to ameliorate such drug toxicity. Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used in treatment of a variety of infections. Its use is however limited by its associated nephrotoxicity. This nephrotoxicity is ameliorated by reduction in dosing frequency to once a day dosing, use of antioxidants and exploration of circadian variation in ...

Abstract Ximenia americana is a plant used traditionally in northern parts of Nigeria for treatment of leprotic ulcers and mouth ulcers in addition to other medicinal uses. It contains flavanoids, saponins, tannins among others that has been reported to possess gastroprotective potentials. . The aim of this study is to evaluate the gastro-protective effects and establish the toxicity profile of the methanol stem back extract of Ximenia americana. The oral ...

ABSTRACT Parquetina nigrescens is a plant with numerous ethnomedicinal uses in African traditional medicine practice. In the South Western part of Nigeria, the stems and roots are roasted, powdered then mixed with pap taken as memory enhancer and for its antiaging effect. This study therefore, aimed to investigate the nootropic activity of the methanol stem extract of P. nigrescens. Phytochemical screening was carried out on the methanol extract and the ...

ABSTRACT Solanum incanum Linn. and Solanum melongena Linn (Solanaceae) are both shrubs or trees found in the sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East. Both are called „gauta‟ among the Hausa community of Northern Nigeria and „Tarku‟ among the Bura/Babar speaking people of Southern Borno of North Eastern Nigeria. They are widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of pain related illnesses such as sore throat, angina, stomach-ache, colic, headache, ...

CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Preamble Risperidone is a psychotropic (antipsychotic) agent used in the treatment of schizophrenia. The action is mediated through a combination of dopamine Type 2 (D2) and serotonin Type 2 (5HT2) receptor antagonism. It is a selective monoaminergic antagonist with high affinity for 5HT2, D2 and H1 histaminergic receptors (Potter and Hollister, 2001). It belongs to the chemical class of benzisoxazole derivatives. The chemical name of ...

ABSTRACT   Diabetic complications pose increasing public health problems worldwide. Glimepiride, a sulphonylurea is among the most frequently used anti-diabetic drugs, and is often combined with other drugs for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nifedipine, a calcium channel blocker is recommended for its role in mitigating microvascular complications especially in delaying the onset of diabetic nephropathy. Interaction between both drugs leads to regimen failure when simultaneously administered. However, ...

ABSTRACT The concept of co-processing as a particle engineering technique has been used as a tool to improve the functionality of many existing excipients. This study was designed to improve the functionality of cassava starch as excipient for direct compression by co-processing with gelatin and colloidal silicon dioxide. The Design of Experiment (DoE) approach was employed to optimize the percentage ratios of the primary excipients for the co-processed excipient. Fourteen ...

ABSTRACT     Cisplatin is a non-cell-cycle dependent chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of several common solid tumours. However, an array of serious toxicities in various organs and systems limit its therapeutic use. Artesunate, a semisynthetic derivative of artemisinin is the recommended treatment by the WHO for severe and complicated malaria in low-transmission areas and in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. In contrast, animal experiments show considerable ...

ABSTRACT   Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder which affects about 346 million people globally. Synthetic antidiabetic agents are expensive and also associated with side effects. In a bid to develop cheaper and safer antidiabetic agents, this study was carried out to determine the effect of the methanol tuber extract of Chlorophytumalismifolium.It is used in folkloric medicine for the treatment of diabetes and bacterial infections. The dried powdered tubers was ...

ABSTRACT   The leaf of Mitracarpusvillosus (Sw.) DC. (Rubiaceae) is used in West African folk medicine for the management of a plethora of stress-related diseases including headaches and toothaches. In this study, preliminary phytochemical analysis of the ethylacetateleaf extract of Mitracarpusvillosus and its fractions were conducted. Vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC), column chromatography (CC) and thin layer chromatography (TLC) using solvents of varying polarities were employed to separate the constituents of ...

ABSTRACT Bacteriological analysis of the water samples such as heterotrophic counts, coliform counts, Faecal Coliform/Faecal Streptococci (FC/FS) ratio were carried out following standard procedures. Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive Staphylococcal species were identified using ID 32E and Microbact 12S kits respectively. Susceptibility of the isolates to ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, erythromycin, gentamicin, amoxycillin/clavulinate, cloxacillin, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin and nitrofurantoin were carried out using the agar diffusion method. Susceptibility of the isolates to ...

ABSTRACT Synthetic analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs have major side effects such as constipation, nausea and vomiting, sedation and mental clouding, etc.,which have significantly limited their use.There is therefore, an intensification of search for newer analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents from the huge array of medicinal plant resources with better efficacy and fewer side effect profiles. Medicinal plants such as Olax subscorpioidea have been used traditionally for the management of pains, inflammatory ...

ABSTRACT Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common infection of human being and if untreated could lead to serious complications. This study was conducted to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of uropathogens from patients in two hospitals in Birnin kudu, Jigawa State, Nigeria. In this study, the antibiotic resistance profile and the plasmid profile of some multi-antibiotic resistant bacteria isolated from urine samples of patients from Birnin kudu community in ...

ABSTRACT     Diabetes is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in adults globally. Type 2 diabetes is a disease associated with a huge burden of medication non-adherence due to complex regimens leading to complications that further increase morbidity and mortality among this population. The aim of this study was to assess medication adherence and the impact of mobile phone short message service (SMS) reminders on clinical ...

CHAPTER ONE 1.0  INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background Lead is a heavy, low melting, bluish-gray metal that occurs naturally in the Earth's crust. However, it is rarely found naturally as a metal. It is usually found combined with two or more other elements to form lead compounds. For these reasons, lead has been used by humans for millennia and is widespread today in products as diverse as pipes, storage batteries, pigments and ...