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CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1   BACK GROUND OF THE STUDY Nigeria as a sovereign nation operates a federal system of government i.e the federal government, state government and the local government councils. Onwo (1992) Observed that each level of the three tiers of government derive its powers not from the magnanimity of the central government but from the constitution; each level of government has defined responsibilities assigned to it by the ...

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Background of the study In many markets, firms compete over time by expending resources with the purpose of reducing their costs. Sometimes, the cost reducing investments operate directly on costs. In many instances, they take the form of developing new products that deliver what customers need more cheaply. Therefore, product development can have the same ultimate effect as direct cost reduction. In fact if one thinks of ...

CHAPTER ONE Introduction 1.1       Background to the study According to Eson (2002), the Nigeria’s oil and gas industry has continued to represent as the mainstay of the nation’s economy since 1956 when oil was discovered at Oloibiri in the Niger Delta region. The industry, undoubtedly, is widely recognized at the nation’s live-wire because it generates employment opportunities for Nigerians (principally with the enactment of the Local Content policy), contributes to ...

ABSTRACT In every part of the world, financial reports form the basis of communicating the activities and performance of business entities to owners and outsiders. But it is rather unfortunate that most of these financial reports do not meet the need of users as a result of different accounting bodies with varying standards and codes. Most reports are published much more later than the date of the account when the ...

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY The civil service of any nation is the centerpiece of its administrative activities and performance and its output mirrors the performance of the ruling government charged with the formation and implementation of public policies - i.e. a documented guide action.  In a nutshell, the civil service is the governmental bureaucratic organization that implements all public policies, which are properly and legitimately enacted by ...

ABSTRACT This research report, carry out an investigation into the relationship between common stock prices and the supply of money in Nigeria. Various early studies provide conflict results as to the relationship between common stock prices and the supply of money, while some study have found an important linkage between the level of common stock prices and the money supply. This research in this study reveals that there is a ...

ABSTRACT This study examined the impact of budgetary control on profitability of an organization. Thus, the importance of budgetary cannot be emphasized in business organization, as management needs to embark on budget to effect proper planning and control. In this vein, budgeting can be seen as a process of planning and control. Proper budgeting can never affect efficient plans of organization without control. Thus, the desire to examine whether budgetary ...

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1   Background of the Study This research work focuses on the effects of credit administration and control on the development of cooperative society. Credit administration and control functions as a good instrument that brings about rapid development in the cooperative  sector. It can be regarded as the essence of   financial  instruction in an  economy, therefore the formulation  and implementation  of sound and  solid credit polices  and  control are ...

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY For development and growth of any society, the provision of basic infrastructure is quite necessary. This perhaps explains why the government shows great concern for a medium through which funds can be made available to achieve their set goals for the society (Fagbemi and Noah, 2010). Government needs money to be able to execute its social obligations to the public and these ...

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Stock is frozen cash and as such should be given the same if not more priority than liquid cash. Firms need stock in one form or the other in order to carry out its day-to-day activities and as such, the need to have the stock at the required time, quantity, quality and under proper condition can never be over emphasized more often than ...

ABSTRACT This research work conducted with special reference to the budgetary system of Emenite Nigeria Limited with the view to ascertain the major role budgets play in the achievement of profitability for an organization. Budget as a profit planning device sets standards of performance of manager, while budgetary control is a tool implored by management to keep track of actual performance to ensure budgeted standards are achieved. In the course ...

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1              BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Unemployment is an issue that has generated debates from every nook and cranny of the world. Its impact was more, felt during the industrial revolution when the dimension of man power absorption changed towards the consideration of skill as a fundamental pre-requisite. However, over the years, government around the world have been concerned with how the unemployment question could be answered – similarly, ...

ABSTRACT It is said that the population of any country constitute the most vital component of is resource base, as time potentials for development. Population growth can be positive or gainful to any economy if managed well. For instance China is noted to be most populous country in the world but its population has been managed very well and it has helped boost their economy by increasing the level of ...

ABSTRACT A nation cannot experience economic growth without human capital. And for human capital to actually have any impact on economic growth some investments have to be made. Investment in human capital consists of; investment in education, training, health and other social services that will help in enhancing the productive capacity of labour. This project examines the impact of human of capital on economic growth in Nigeria from 1975-2015. The ...

CHAPTER ONE 1.1   BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY Inflation is an inevitable property of any economy in the world. It influences every country, negatively as well as positively, whether it is developed or developing country as well. Anyanwu (2011) stated that inflation is an important factor leading to social and economic instability and disorder. It is one of the most largely observed and tested economic variables both theoretically and empirically. Its ...

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1       Background of the Study Various classifications have been made on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). For instance, FDI has been described as investment made so as to acquire a lasting management interest (for example, 10 percent of voting stock) and at least 10 percent of equity shares in an enterprise operating in another country other than that of the investor’s country (Mwillima, 2003). Policy makers believe that ...

ABSTRACT The term unemployment can be defined as an economics condition marked by the fact that individual actively seeking jobs remain unhired. Unemployment is expressed as a percentage of the total available work force. The level of unemployment varies with economics conditions and other circumstances. This is mostly seen in graduate of various institutions of learning especially in under developed nations like Nigeria. The study was designed to investigate the ...

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Expenditure control is part of management control process in every organization, both government establishment and private establishment. Expenditure control is defined as the process by which managers use productively and efficiently, the deficit resource in the accomplishment of the organisational goals. Looking at expenditure and control from different perspective. Expenditure is the total amount spent on the process of trying to achieve ...

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1   BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY International Monetary Fund (IMF) has revealed that there has been significant and prolonged drop in oil prices since mid-2014, this has changed the fortunes of Nigeria and many other energy-exporting nations around the world. This, finding from this IMF report that budgets in oil exporting nations have generally turned from surpluses to large deficits, growth has slowed, and financial stability risks have ...

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1    BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY The capital market is a highly specialized and organized financial market and indeed essential agent of economic growth because of its ability to facilitate and mobilize saving and investment. To a great extent, the positive relationship between capital accumulation real economic growths has long affirmed in economic theories (­­­Anyanwu, 1993). Success in capital accumulation and mobilization for development varies among nations, but ...